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Chapter 9 • Fascinating Photography

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”section” module_id=”page214″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″][et_pb_row padding_mobile=”off” column_padding_mobile=”on” admin_label=”row” module_id=”page185″ _builder_version=”3.0.69″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ column_padding_mobile=”on” parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”page 185 ID Holder” _builder_version=”3.0.69″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][et_pb_row padding_mobile=”off” column_padding_mobile=”on” background_position_1=”top_left” background_position_2=”top_left” background_repeat_1=”no-repeat” background_repeat_2=”no-repeat” admin_label=”row” module_id=”chapter9-title” module_class=”chapter-title et_pb_column_bottom” _builder_version=”3.0.69″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ column_padding_mobile=”on” parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”no-repeat”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Chapter 9 Page Title (figure/figcaption)” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

Chapter 9

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Fascinating Photography: L-F-C-C

LIGHT – The Most Important Element

Aperture refers to how wide open the lens is.
Shutter Speed refers to how long the lens stays open.
ISO determines how sensitive the sensor is to light.
White Balance changes the color of light.

FOCUS – Choose your focal point and depth of field.

A shallow depth of field means that only a small part is in focus.
A deep depth of field means that a large part of the photograph is in focus.

COMPOSITION – Position your camera to compose the scene.

Balance
Lines
Angle
Framing
Separation

CREATIVITY – Plan creative ways to create artistic effects.

Shoot more creatively
Creative techniques
Image editing

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 261&262″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

Pages 1 & 2

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”section” module_id=”page263″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”3.0″][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Photography” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

Fascinating Photography

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”1″ _address=”3.1″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Photography is the atmosphere that surrounds your five-course meal. ” _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”3.1.0.0″]

Photography is the atmosphere surrounding your meal.

[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”You have learned the principles and skills to create a well balanced five-course meal with the F-O-C-U-S design process. Then we added typography which is the vital %22conversation%22 part of the meal. Now we add photography which is the atmosphere to set the proper mood and environment. The atmosphere is determined by many things, such as the location, lighting, decor, table settings, and creative presentation of the food.” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

You have learned the principles and skills to create a well balanced five-course meal with the F-O-C-U-S design process in the first seven chapters of the book. Then in chapter eight, we added typography which is the vital “conversation” part of the meal. Now we round things out with photography, which I would like to compare to the atmosphere to set the proper mood and environment.

The atmosphere is determined by many things, such as the location, lighting, decor, table settings, and creative presentation of the food.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/p263-emotion-1280-1.jpg” force_fullwidth=”on” admin_label=”Emotion Image” _builder_version=”3.0.69″ animation=”off” _i=”0″ _address=”3.1.1.0″][/et_pb_image][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/p263-breakfast-1280px.jpg” admin_label=”Breakfast Image” _builder_version=”3.0.69″ animation=”off” _i=”1″ _address=”3.1.1.1″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/p263-dinnertable-1280.jpg” admin_label=”Dining Image” _builder_version=”3.0.69″ animation=”off” _i=”0″ _address=”3.1.2.0″][/et_pb_image][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/p263-plated-1280.jpg” admin_label=”Plated Image” _builder_version=”3.0.69″ animation=”off” _i=”1″ _address=”3.1.2.1″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 263″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

Page 3

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”section” module_id=”page264″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”5.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Think of it this way. If you go to a nice restaurant for a five-course meal with friends to have a great conversation, you want a nice atmosphere. In terms of visual communication, photography is like the atmosphere of a restaurant. Your images are noticed quickly and set the tone for the design. Before your audience reads the written content they have already been influenced by the imagery. The images invite people into your design, capture their attention, and entice them to stay and enjoy the content, just as the ambiance of a restaurant invites customers inside to enjoy a meal.” _builder_version=”3.0.69″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

Think of it this way. If you go to a nice restaurant for a five-course meal with friends to have a great conversation, you want a nice atmosphere. In terms of visual communication, photography is like the atmosphere of a restaurant. Your images are noticed quickly and set the tone for the design.

Before your audience reads the written content they have already been influenced by the imagery. The images invite people into your design, capture their attention, and entice them to stay and enjoy the content, just as the ambiance of a restaurant invites customers inside to enjoy a meal.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”How many times have you passed by a restaurant because the atmosphere did not feel right? If it looks too formal, you may be concerned it will be too expensive. Some people turn away if the environment is too sterile or too untidy. Even if the food is excellent and fairly priced, many people don’t come inside, if the atmosphere is not inviting. So learning to capture appropriate images that are visually appealing and communicate the correct message is equally important when setting the theme for a design layout.” _builder_version=”3.0.72″]

How many times have you passed by a restaurant because the atmosphere did not feel right? If it looks too formal, you may be concerned it will be too expensive. Some people turn away if the environment is too sterile or too untidy. Even if the food is excellent and fairly priced, many people won’t go inside if the atmosphere is not inviting.

So just as the atmosphere can make or break a restaurant, capturing appropriate images that are visually appealing and communicate the correct message is equally important when setting the theme for a design layout.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”1″ _address=”5.1″][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/p264-serving-1920.jpg” admin_label=”Serving Image” _builder_version=”3.0.69″ animation=”off” _i=”0″ _address=”5.1.0.0″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 264″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

Page 4

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”section” module_id=”page265″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”7.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Photography is essential in visual communication because images portray a message quickly. You have heard the old adage that photos speak a thousand words. I think that may be true, but images can also set a mood and create emotion as well as tell a story. Almost any ad, post, or design you see will have some type of imagery in it. Think about the images used in this book. The bread photos with blurred backgrounds support the food theme and help carry out the food comparisons. Aside from making you hungry, doesn’t it help for you to visualize the analogy?” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” saved_tabs=”all”]

Photography is essential in visual communication because images portray a message quickly. You have heard the old adage that photos speak a thousand words. Images can also set a mood and create emotion as well as tell a story. Almost any ad, post, or design you see will have some type of imagery in it.

Think about the images used in this book. The bread photos with blurred backgrounds support the food theme and help carry out the food comparisons. Aside from making you hungry, doesn’t it help for you to visualize the analogy?

[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”Photography is essential in visual communication because images portray a message quickly. You have heard the old adage that photos speak a thousand words. I think that may be true, but images can also set a mood and create emotion as well as tell a story. Almost any ad, post, or design you see will have some type of imagery in it. Think about the images used in this book. The bread photos with blurred backgrounds support the food theme and help carry out the food comparisons. Aside from making you hungry, doesn’t it help for you to visualize the analogy?” _builder_version=”3.0.69″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” saved_tabs=”all”]

Many companies have now learned a more effective ways to communicate by showing, not telling their audiences. This can be accomplished nicely with the right images that tell a story. And those images need to be varied to serve many purposes, such as traditional photography, artistic creations, collages, surreal composites, or even abstract swirls of color.

Page 5

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”section” module_id=”page266″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”9.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”VERSATILE SKILLS It is equally important to learn to shoot well and edit well. At times you need to use a camera well enough to capture excellent exposures that are client-ready, right out of the camera. At other times, you need to use image editing software to manipulate the image, remove elements, add other images, or create cutouts to wrap text around.” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

VERSATILE SKILLS

It is equally important to learn to shoot well and edit well. At times you need to use a camera well enough to capture excellent exposures that are client-ready, right out of the camera. At other times, you need to use image editing software to manipulate the image, remove elements, add other images, or create cutouts to wrap text around.

[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”There are a lot of good photographers in the world, but less who know how to edit well enough to prepare images for advertising and marketing. If a client wants to use an image but needs someone to remove people or cars from the front of a building, you need to understand what is possible and how it can be done. By practicing these skills, you will learn the what can be done. Even if it does not become your full time career, you will know how to work with photographers if you understand their tools, scope of possibilities and limitations.” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

There are a lot of good photographers in the world, but less who know how to edit well enough to prepare images for advertising and marketing. If a client wants to use an image but needs someone to remove people or cars from the front of a building, you need to understand what is possible and how it can be done.

By practicing these skills, you will learn the what can be done. Even if it does not become your full time career, you will know how to work with photographers if you understand their tools, scope of possibilities and limitations.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Caryn-Esplin_KidsStyle-MagazineCover.jpg” _builder_version=”3.0.72″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 266″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

Page 6

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”section” module_id=”page267″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”11.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”First let’s cover the basics of photography. Just as an unprofessional atmosphere in a restaurant can turn away customers, poor quality photography that does not communicate well, can ruin a design” _builder_version=”3.0.72″]

First let’s cover the principles of photography. Just as an unprofessional atmosphere in a restaurant can turn away customers, poor quality photography that does not communicate well, can ruin a design.

IT IS CRITICAL TO UNDERSTAND SOME KEY PRINCIPLES OF PHOTOGRAPHY:

[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”Light Focus Composition and Creativity” _builder_version=”3.0.72″]

Light
Focus
Composition
Creativity

We will discuss each of these principles in this chapter. Then we will cover some important things to know about editing your images.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 267″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

Page 7

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”section” module_id=”page268″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ locked=”off”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”13.0″][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Principle 1: Light Light is photography. Without it, we have no imagery.” module_id=”principle1″ module_class=”principle” _builder_version=”3.0.69″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

Principle 1: Light

Light is photography. Without it, we have no imagery.

THE MOST IMPORTANT ELEMENT

Light is photography. Without it, we have no imagery. Learning to balance your light is the most important thing you can learn in photography. I cannot overemphasize the importance of understanding light. It helps to use shadows to contrast and define the light.

If you capture a scene that is all evenly lit, it can be boring and your audience may soon lose interest. But a scene with “chiaroscuro” is captivating because of the contrast between light and shadow.

[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”In the camera there is a device called a sensor. Think of it like a blank canvas and the light as your paint.” _builder_version=”3.0.69″]

In the camera there is a device called a sensor. Think of it like a blank canvas and the light as your paint.

[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”In this image, I used one of my favorite techniques called light painting. I put my camera on a tripod in a dark room and left the shutter open for thirty seconds, while I used a flashlight to paint light on the still life scene I set up. I was careful to leave shadows, which help sculpt and shape the light in this image. Photography is art and learning to use light creatively is the secret.” _builder_version=”3.0.72″]

In this image, I used one of my favorite techniques called light painting. I put my camera on a tripod in a dark room and left the shutter open for thirty seconds. Then I used a flashlight to paint light on the still life scene I had set up. I was careful to leave shadows, which help sculpt and shape the light in this image. Photography is art and learning to use light creatively is the secret.

[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”Photography is art and learning to use light creatively is the secret. -Caryn Esplin” _builder_version=”3.0.75″]

Photography is art and learning to use light creatively is the secret.

-Caryn Esplin

1. LIGHT

There are four different ways to affect how the light reaches the sensor.

A. Aperture
B. Shutter Speed
C. ISO

D. White Balance

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 268″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

Page 8

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”section” module_id=”page269″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”15.0″][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”APERTURE Aperture refers to how wide the lens is open.” module_class=”principle” _builder_version=”3.0.69″]

APERTURE

Aperture refers to how wide the lens is open.

The aperture is the opening in the lens of a camera. The size of the aperture (lens opening) regulates the amount of light that passes through the lens.

When you change your aperture setting you are adjusting how wide that opening is and how much light is coming in through the hole.

[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”Aperture is measured in F stops by fractions. The aperture is universally measured by the term “f-stop.%22 It is sometimes confusing in terms of understanding how you measure the aperture and the opening of your lens. A wide aperture, such as f/2 is a large opening because it is 1/2 of the whole lens opening. More light will reach the lens, but it produces a shallow depth of field. If these seems backwards, then it may help you to remember that a small aperture number equals a small amount in focus. A large aperture number such as f/16 means a large amount in focus. When you have an f-stop of f/16 then you have a very small opening so less light will reach the sensor.” module_id=”principle1a” module_class=”principle” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

APERTURE IS MEASURED IN F STOPS BY FRACTIONS.

The aperture is universally measured by the term “f-stop.” It is sometimes confusing in terms of understanding how you measure the aperture and the opening of your lens. A wide aperture, such as f/2 is really a fraction, so add a 1 over the f stop number. An f stop setting of f/2 is a large opening because it is 1/2 of the whole lens opening.

More light will reach the lens, but it produces a shallow depth of field. If this seems backwards, then it may help you to remember that a small aperture number equals a small amount in focus. A large aperture number such as f/16 means a large amount in focus. When you have an f-stop of 16.0 then you have a very small opening so less light will reach the sensor.

[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”By default, most cameras are set up so each turn of the dial will change your f/stop by one-third of a full stop. So if you want to increase your F-Stop by a full stop, you would need to advance your dial three times. You can usually change this default setting, if desired. Study the chart to determine the fractions associated with the full stop increments.” _builder_version=”3.0.72″]

By default, most cameras are set up so each turn of the dial will change your f/stop by one-third of a full stop. So if you want to increase your F-Stop by a full stop, you would need to advance your dial three times. You can usually change this default setting, if desired. Study the chart to determine the fractions associated with the full stop increments.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/apertureblades-1280.jpg” admin_label=”Aperture Blade” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ animation_direction=”off” animation=”off”][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”2″ _address=”15.2″][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/ApertureChart_Downloadable-Version.png” admin_label=”F-Stop Balance” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ animation_direction=”off” animation=”off”][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 269″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”section” module_id=”page270″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”17.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”GARDEN HOSE ANALOGY It may also help you to think of the %22garden hose analogy%22 I learned from one of my students several years ago. When you use a garden hose wide open, it dumps water in a small area on the ground. When you constrict the opening, by putting your thumb on the opening, there is a small hole and the water sprays out over a large area on the ground. Aperture is the same. A wide opening such as f/2 (really 1/2), means only a small area will be in focus, because it %22dumps in one area. A narrow opening like f/16 (really 1/16) means a large amount will be in focus, because it sprays out over a larger area.” _builder_version=”3.0.69″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

GARDEN HOSE ANALOGY

It may also help you to think of the “garden hose analogy” I learned from one of my students several years ago. When you use a garden hose wide open, it dumps water in a small area on the ground. When you constrict the opening, by putting your thumb on the opening, there is a small hole and the water sprays out over a large area on the ground.

Aperture is the same. A wide opening such as f/2 (really 1/2), means only a small area will be in focus, because it “dumps in one area. A narrow opening like f/16 (really 1/16) means a large amount will be in focus, because it sprays out over a larger area.

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”section” module_id=”page271″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”19.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”DEPTH OF FIELD — So aperture deals with controlling focus and depth of field in your photos. Depth of field is a term that refers to how much is in focus. A wide aperture such as f2 (large opening but shallow depth) creates bokeh (blur) that blurs background or foreground details while keeping only your focus point sharp. A narrow aperture such as f16 (small opening but deep depth) keeps everything sharp from foreground to background. But to achieve deep depth, you need to focus on something that is about one-third of the way into your depth. This is because your camera is capable of getting a focus range that is about one-third in front of your focus point and about two-thirds beyond your focus point.” module_id=”principle1a” module_class=”principle” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” module_alignment=”left”]

DEPTH OF FIELD

So aperture deals with controlling focus and depth of field in your photos. Depth of field is a term that refers to how much is in focus. A wide aperture such as f2 (large opening but shallow depth) creates bokeh (blur) that blurs background or foreground details while keeping only your focus point sharp. Notice the example on this page of the white flowers. The background is blurred due to the shallow depth of field.

A narrow aperture such as f16 (small opening but deep depth) keeps everything sharp from foreground to background. To achieve deep depth, you need to focus on something that is about one-third of the way into your depth. This is because your camera is capable of getting a focus range that is about one-third in front of your focus point and about two-thirds beyond your focus point.

Notice how everything is sharp in the second image I captured a few years ago in Washington DC at the National Park College. I used f/16 so the buildings in the foreground and background would all be sharp.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/helpfultip_fnumbers.png” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ max_width=”280px”][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”1″ _address=”19.1″][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/p271-shallowflowers-1.jpg” admin_label=”Shallow Depth of Field” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ animation_direction=”off” animation=”off”][/et_pb_image][et_pb_text admin_label=”Shallow Depth of Field (f/2)” _builder_version=”3.0.72″]

Shallow Depth of Field (f/2)

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/CarynEsplin-NationalSeminary.jpg” admin_label=”Deep Depth of Field” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ animation_direction=”off” animation=”off”][/et_pb_image][et_pb_text admin_label=”Deep Depth of Field (f/16)” _builder_version=”3.0.72″]

Deep Depth of Field (f/16)

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 271″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”page272″ _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”21.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”50mm PRIME LENSES Using shallow depth is a nice way to draw attention to your subject. To achieve a shallow depth, you usually need a special lens that is capable of wider apertures such as 1.8 or 2.8. Many kit lenses that come with the camera cannot get wider than 3.5. You can purchase an entry-level %22nifty fifty%22 lens for most cameras that is a 50mm prime lens (no zoom) with a wide aperture for under $200. You can also achieve this blur effect with lens compression. To create lens compression you need to back up and zoom in on your subject. That wilI compress and blur the background. We will cover this in more detail in the “Focus” section.” _builder_version=”3.0.72″]

50mm PRIME LENSES

Using shallow depth is a nice way to draw attention to your subject. To achieve a shallow depth, you usually need a special lens that is capable of wider apertures such as 1.8 or 2.8. Many kit lenses that come with the camera cannot get wider than 3.5.

You can purchase an entry-level “nifty fifty” lens for most cameras that is a 50mm prime lens (no zoom) with a wide aperture for under $200. You can also achieve this blur effect with lens compression. To create lens compression you need to back up and zoom in on your subject. That wilI compress and blur the background. We will cover this in more detail later in the “Focus” section.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/p272-cannon50lens.jpg” _builder_version=”3.0.72″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 272″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”section” module_id=”page273″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”23.0″][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”SHUTTER SPEED Shutter Speed refers to how long the lens stays open.” module_id=”principle1″ module_class=”principle” _builder_version=”3.0.69″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

SHUTTER SPEED

Shutter Speed refers to how long the lens stays open.

While aperture controls the depth of field, shutter speed controls if moving objects are blurred or frozen in motion. The shutter is located in the camera body. Think of it like a curtain that is in front of that blank canvas.

When you press the shutter, the curtain opens and allows the light to touch the sensor and record what is being seen.

Too much or too little light can make your picture appear too bright (overexposed) or too dark (underexposed). If you make your shutter speed slower it will stay open longer and allow more light to hit the sensor.

I captured these three exposure of a scene one early morning in Yellowstone National Park. I used my auto bracketing mode to ensure I would get the best possible exposure. Sometimes, I might use Photoshop to blend the sky from the darker image with the normal exposure.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/carynesplin-helpfultip_autobracket@2x-100.jpg” admin_label=”Autobracketing Helpful Tip” _builder_version=”3.0.74″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”2″ _address=”23.2″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/CarynEsplin-p273-yellowstone-morning-underexposed_squarish.jpg” admin_label=”Underexposed” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ animation_direction=”off” animation=”off”][/et_pb_image][et_pb_text admin_label=”Underexposed – Subtitle” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ module_alignment=”left”]

Underexposed (-2 f/stops)

Correctly Exposed (normal f/stop)

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/CarynEsplin-p273-yellowstone-morning-overexposed_squarish.jpg” admin_label=”Overexposed” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ animation_direction=”off” animation=”off”][/et_pb_image][et_pb_text admin_label=”Overexposed Subtitle” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ module_alignment=”left”]

Overexposed (+2 f/stops)

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 273″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”section” module_id=”page274″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”25.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Shutter speed is universally measured by the fractions of a second or whole seconds. The number will tell you how long the shutter curtain is open to allow light to hit the sensor. For example, if you have a shutter speed of 1/500 of a second, then the shutter curtain will open and close very quickly. Some cameras will display this as 1/500 and some will display it as 500. When you put your camera on a tripod and want to leave your shutter open for 1 second, set your shutter speed to 1”. The double quotes “ is the symbol for seconds. Don’t confuse this with .1”, which is one-tenth of a second, on some cameras.” module_id=”principle1a” module_class=”principle” _builder_version=”3.0.69″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

Shutter speed is universally measured by the fractions of a second or whole seconds. The number will tell you how long the shutter curtain is open to allow light to hit the sensor. For example, if you have a shutter speed of 1/500 of a second, then the shutter curtain will open and close very quickly.

Some cameras will display this as 1/500 and some will display it as 500. When you put your camera on a tripod and want to leave your shutter open for 1 second, set your shutter speed to 1”. The double quotes “ is the symbol for seconds. Don’t confuse this with .1”, which is one-tenth of a second, on some cameras.

[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”FAST SHUTTER SPEED (1/500) = FROZEN MOTION If you shoot with a fast shutter speed, such as 1/500 of a second you can freeze the action with faster moving subjects. When you have a faster shutter speed, it is fine to handhold your camera because you won’t get camera shake. But you will need to be in an area with plenty of light, since the shutter is not open long enough to gather very much light.” _builder_version=”3.0.74″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

FAST SHUTTER SPEED (1/500) = FROZEN MOTION

If you shoot with a fast shutter speed, such as 1/500 of a second you can freeze the action with faster moving subjects. When you have a faster shutter speed, it is fine to handhold your camera because you won’t get camera shake. But you will need to be in an area with plenty of light, since the shutter is not open long enough to gather very much light.

I wanted to freeze the motion of the net when I photographed this cormorant fisherman in China. So I used a fast shutter speed of 1/500 of a second.

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”section” module_id=”page275″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”27.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”SLOW SHUTTER SPEED (1/60 or slower) = BLURRED MOTION” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

SLOW SHUTTER SPEED (1/60 or slower) = BLURRED MOTION

If your shutter is slower than 1/60 of a second you should use a tripod to avoid camera shake and blurry images. It is fine to have blurred motion, but you want your non-moving objects to be sharp and not blurry.

If you have a shutter speed of ½ of a second, it will be open a bit longer and will allow more light to come in. It is hard to get blurred motion in a bright environment, since it requires a slower shutter speed. If you leave your shutter open longer in a bright place, too much light will hit the sensor and your image will be too bright (overexposed).

So to capture an image with blurred motion, try a darker location and use a tripod or set your camera on a stool, so you can leave your shutter open longer to let more light in, without getting camera shake.

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”section” module_id=”page276″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.69″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”BLURRED MOTION IS DIFFERENT THAN BACKGROUND BLUR (BOKEH) Don’t confuse motion blur by using a slower shutter speed with the blur you get with a shallow depth of field, called bokeh. To achieve motion blur, you need to use a tripod and slow shutter speed. To achieve background blur (bokeh) you need to use a wide aperture such as 2.8 or zoom in for lens compression.” _builder_version=”3.0.74″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

BLURRED MOTION IS DIFFERENT THAN BACKGROUND BLUR (BOKEH)

Don’t confuse motion blur by using a slower shutter speed with the blur you get with a shallow depth of field, called bokeh. To achieve motion blur, you need to use a tripod and slow shutter speed. To achieve background blur (bokeh) you need to use a wide aperture such as 2.8 or zoom in for lens compression.

Notice the bokeh in the left image, produced with a wide aperture of about 2.0. The second image shows motion blur, which is achieved with a slow shutter speed of about 1/10 of a second and a tripod to avoid camera movement on the stationary objects.

Notice the background blur? This is bokeh.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/p275-BlurredMotion.jpg” admin_label=”Blurred Motion” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ animation_direction=”off” animation=”off”][/et_pb_image][et_pb_text admin_label=”Blurred Motion – Example” _builder_version=”3.0.72″]

Notice how the bus is blurred in the form of lines? This is an example of motion blur.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 276″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”section” module_id=”page277″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.72″][et_pb_column type=”3_5″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/ApertureShutterSpeed@2x.png” show_in_lightbox=”on” admin_label=”FSTop Chart” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ animation=”off” _i=”0″ _address=”31.0.0.0″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”2_5″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”HOW APERTURE AND SHUTTER SPEED WORK TOGETHER It will help you understand the limitations of your priority modes if you understand how aperture and shutter speed settings work together. Assuming you keep your ISO the same, this chart will show you how you can get the same exposure with a number of different combinations. Notice how the Aperture changes to compensate when your Shutter speed changes.” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” max_width=”75%” max_width_last_edited=”on|desktop” custom_padding=”41px|||”]

HOW APERTURE AND SHUTTER SPEED WORK TOGETHER

It will help you understand the limitations of your priority modes if you understand how aperture and shutter speed settings work together. Assuming you keep your ISO the same, this chart will show you how you can get the same exposure with a number of different combinations. Notice how the Aperture changes to compensate when your Shutter speed changes.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 277″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”section” module_id=”page278″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”33.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Most DSLR and mirrorless cameras have a mode dial that allows you to choose automatic (A), program (P), or manual (M) modes. In Manual mode you need to set both your Aperture and Shutter speed. You may also have priority mode options, such as: Aperture Priority or Shutter Priority. Aperture priority mode is symbolized by A or AV on most camera mode dials. A stands for Aperture, obviously. AV stands for Aperture Value, which is not as obvious. To use Shutter priority, look for S or TV (Time Value). Aperture priority mode allows you to choose your aperture for a desired effect (shallow or deep depth) and the camera will set the Shutter speed automatically. If you choose Shutter priority, you can set a shutter speed to freeze or blur motion, while the camera will choose the aperture for you automatically. Many beginners who want to have more control than what Automatic modes provide, can use Priority modes for a “half-manual, half-automatic” method.” _builder_version=”3.0.69″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

PRIORITY CAMERA MODES

Most DSLR and mirrorless cameras have a mode dial that allows you to choose automatic (A), program (P), or manual (M) modes. In Manual mode you need to set both your Aperture and Shutter speed. You may also have priority mode options, such as: Aperture Priority or Shutter Priority. Aperture priority mode is symbolized by A or AV on most camera mode dials. A stands for Aperture, obviously. AV stands for Aperture Value, which is not as obvious. To use Shutter priority, look for S or TV (Time Value).

Aperture priority mode allows you to choose your aperture for a desired effect (shallow or deep depth) and the camera will set the shutter speed automatically. If you choose shutter priority, you can set a shutter speed to freeze or blur motion, while the camera will choose the aperture for you automatically. Many beginners who want to have more control than what automatic mode provides, can use the aperture and shutter priority modes for a “half-manual, half-automatic” method.

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”section” module_id=”page279″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”35.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”MANUAL MODE With some practice, it is easy to advance past these priority modes and start using the full Manual mode, so you can more control over all your settings. Once you get used to choosing an aperture for desired depth and shutter speed for motion effects, it is a natural progression to manual shooting. It just takes lot of practice! Also be sure to review your metadata as you view images on your computer screen so you learn which settings are working to help you achieve the desired effects.” _builder_version=”3.0.69″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

MANUAL MODE

With some practice, it is easy to advance past these priority modes and start using the full manual mode, so you can more control over all your settings. Once you get used to choosing an aperture for desired depth and shutter speed for motion effects, it is a natural progression to manual shooting. It just takes lot of practice! Also be sure to review your metadata as you view images on your computer screen so you learn which settings are working to help you achieve the desired effects.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/p279-helpfultip-screenshoot-01.png” admin_label=”Helpful Tip – I highly recommend stoping part way through the shoot” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ animation=”off” _i=”0″ _address=”35.0.1.0″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 279″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”section” module_id=”page280″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”37.0″][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Principle 3: ISO ISO determines how sensitive the sensor is to light” module_id=”principle1″ module_class=”principle” _builder_version=”3.0.69″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

ISO

ISO determines how sensitive the sensor is to light

ISO stands for International Standards Organization which is a standardized industry scale for measuring light sensitivity. In the past this scale was used to define how sensitive camera film was to light, but now we use ISO to measure the sensitivity of a digital image sensor.

[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”As a general rule it is best to keep your ISO between 100 and 400, unless you are in low light without a tripod. I do NOT recommend using Auto ISO because you can lose quality if your cameras chooses a high ISO setting. Using auto settings often turn over too much control to your camera. It it better to use 100 in bright light and 300 – 400 in lower light. When you use lower ISO settings you have less light sensitivity, so that is why you need a brighter environment when you use low settings. The higher ISO settings means the sensor is more sensitive to light and will allow more light so that works better for darker shooting environments. When you use an ISO of 100 or 200, you will maintain a high quality image that can be printed large. When you start using higher ISO settings you can get extra “noise” in your images which lowers the fine, smooth pixel quality and sharpness.” _builder_version=”3.0.72″]

As a general rule it is best to keep your ISO between 100 and 400 (or 100 – 800 for a full frame camera), unless you are in low light without a tripod. I do NOT recommend using Auto ISO because you can lose quality if your cameras chooses a high ISO setting. Using auto settings often turn over too much control to your camera.

It it better to use 100 in bright light and 200 – 400 in lower light. When you use lower ISO settings you have less light sensitivity, so that is why you need a brighter environment when you use low settings. The higher ISO settings means the sensor is more sensitive to light and will allow more light so that works better for darker shooting environments.

When you use an ISO of 100 or 200, you will maintain a high quality image that can be printed large. When you start using higher ISO settings you can get extra “noise” in your images which lowers the fine, smooth pixel quality and sharpness.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/ISOComaprison_Borderless@2x-100.jpg” _builder_version=”3.0.72″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 280″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”section” module_id=”page281″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”39.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”USE A TRIPOD TO KEEP A LOW ISO When shooting with lower light, some photographers would rather use a tripod and longer shutter speeds, than raise their ISO settings higher than the 100 or 200 optimal setting. However newer cameras are capable of maintaining high quality with much higher ISO settings, such as 800, 1600, and even higher. So I often refer to the adage, “Don’t be an ISO Snob!” which means don’t be afraid to use higher ISOs to get images in darker settings, especially if you don’t want to use a tripod that may stifle your ability to get quick and free-flowing, creative camera angles.” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

USE A TRIPOD TO KEEP A LOW ISO

When shooting with lower light, some photographers would rather use a tripod and longer shutter speeds, than raise their ISO settings higher than the 100 or 200 optimal setting. However newer cameras are capable of maintaining high quality with much higher ISO settings, such as 800, 1600, and even higher.

So I often refer to the adage, “Don’t be an ISO Snob!” which means don’t be afraid to use higher ISOs to get images in darker settings, especially if you don’t want to use a tripod that may stifle your ability to get quick and free-flowing, creative camera angles.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/CarynEsplin-HelpfulTip_Tripod@2x-100.jpg” admin_label=”Helpful Tip – Tripod” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 281″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”section” module_id=”page282″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”41.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”ISO AND ASTROPHOTOGRAPHY To capture stars and milky way images you need a higher ISO such as 3200 or even 6400 even with a tripod, in many cases. This is because you need a high sensitivity to light to capture dim stars. It helps to use a wide aperture such as 2.8 to allow more light to come in to the sensor. Try to limit your shutter speed to 20 – 30 seconds or your stars will start to show motion and become little “dashes” instead of sharp “dots.” . It also really helps to have a full frame camera for astrophotography. Of course you will have to deal with a lot of noise with these higher ISO settings, but there are some thing you can do in post production to help minimize the noise.” _builder_version=”3.0.69″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

ISO AND ASTROPHOTOGRAPHY

To capture stars and milky way images you need a higher ISO such as 3200 or even 6400, and of course, with a tripod, in many cases. This is because you need a high sensitivity to light to capture dim stars. It helps to use a wide aperture such as 2.8 to allow more light to come in to the sensor. Try to limit your shutter speed to 20 – 30 seconds or your stars will start to show motion and become little “dashes” instead of sharp “dots.”

It also really helps to use a full frame camera for astrophotography. Of course you will have to manage a lot of noise with these higher ISO settings, but there are some things you can do in post production to help minimize the noise. For example, you can add a slight gaussian blur on the grainy, high ISO areas.

F4, 20″, ISO 6400, Nikon D600,
Tamron 15–30 f/2.8

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WHITE BALANCE

White Balance changes the color of light

So far we have learned how aperture, shutter speed and ISO affects the amount of light that reaches the camera sensor to create an exposure. You can try different combinations of settings as you get more familiar with the different effects they produce to achieve your desired outcome. So now let’s answer the question, what does White Balance have to do with this?

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”White Balance affects the color temperature, of light, instead of affecting the amount of light, like aperture, shutter speed and ISO. There are different preset settings on most cameras for specific situations such as tungsten, daylight, shade, etc. Notice the three different color casts produced by varied white balance settings.” _builder_version=”3.0.71″]

White Balance affects the color temperature, of light, instead of affecting the amount of light, like aperture, shutter speed and ISO. There are different preset settings on most cameras for specific situations such as tungsten, daylight, shade, etc. Notice the three different color casts produced by varied white balance settings.

Tungsten White Balance

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/CarynEsplin-DaylightWB.jpg” admin_label=”Daylight WB” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ animation_direction=”off” animation=”off”][/et_pb_image][et_pb_text admin_label=”Daylight White Balance – Subtitle” _builder_version=”3.0.71″]

Daylight White Balance

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/CarynEsplin-ShadeWB.jpg” admin_label=”Shade WB” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ animation_direction=”off” animation=”off”][/et_pb_image][et_pb_text admin_label=”Shade White Balance – Subtitle” _builder_version=”3.0.71″]

Shade White Balance

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 283″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”page284″ _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”45.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”White Balance does not directly affect the amount of light, you might notice that a warmer white balance can make things appear a bit brighter. Changing White Balance settings can have a dramatic effect on the color cast of an image, so let’s not make the mistake of ignoring White Balance. Even though you can change White Balance, tint and temperature, in post production, it is always better to get things right in your camera.” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

White Balance does not directly affect the amount of light, but you might notice that a warmer white balance can make things appear a bit brighter.

Changing White Balance settings can have a dramatic effect on the color cast of an image, so let’s not make the mistake of ignoring White Balance. Even though you can change White Balance, tint and temperature, in post production, it is always better to get things right in your camera.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/helpfultip_autowhitebalance-01.png” admin_label=”TIP: Most beginners use Auto White Balance because most cameras do a fairly decent job of adjusting the available light, much of the time.” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ animation=”off” _i=”0″ _address=”45.0.1.0″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 284″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”page285″ _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”47.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”USING PRESET WHITE BALANCE SETTINGS Most beginners use Auto White Balance because most cameras do a fairly decent job of adjusting the available light, much of the time. However for 10 – 30% of the time Auto White Balance fails and you get a strange color cast on your image, it is good to understand how to use your White Balance settings to correct the color temperature in your camera. So we use white balance settings to remove unwanted color casts and bring the color closer to white light. That is why we call this “White Balance.” To achieve appropriate White Balance, you need to consider the color temperature of your light source. The color temperature refers to the warmth or coolness of available light. The important thing to remember when using a white balance preset, such as Daylight or Shade, is to match your setting with your light source. If you are shooting in shade, use the Shade White Balance setting to achieve a more natural color temperature.” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

USING PRESET WHITE BALANCE SETTINGS

Most beginners use Auto White Balance because most cameras do a fairly decent job of adjusting the available light, much of the time. However for the 10 – 30% of the time Auto White Balance fails and you get a strange color cast on your image, it is good to understand how to use your White Balance settings to correct the color temperature in your camera.

So we use white balance settings to remove unwanted color casts and bring the color closer to white light. That is why we call this “White Balance.” To achieve appropriate White Balance, you need to consider the color temperature of your light source. The color temperature refers to the warmth or coolness of available light.

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The important thing to remember when using a white balance preset, such as Daylight or Shade, is to match your setting with your light source. If you are shooting in shade, use the Shade White Balance setting to achieve a more natural color temperature.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”1″ _address=”47.1″][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/KelvinWhiteBalance-Borderless@2x-100.jpg” show_in_lightbox=”on” admin_label=”Kelvin Chart” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ animation_direction=”off” animation=”off”][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 285″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”page286″ _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”49.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”GETTING CREATIVE WITH WHITE BALANCE White balance settings can also be used to apply creativity to your photos in camera. When shooting astrophotography, set the white balance to tungsten. Your night sky and stars will come out more blue. Or if you are taking a photo of a candle-lit dinner, use shade white balance to give your photos a beautiful warm glow. ” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

GETTING CREATIVE WITH WHITE BALANCE

White balance settings can also be used to apply creativity to your photos in camera. When shooting astrophotography, set the white balance to tungsten. Your night sky and stars will come out more like the eye sees it – blue and vibrant, instead of muddy and faded. Or if you are taking a photo of a candle-lit dinner, use shade white balance to give your photos a beautiful warm glow.

Auto White Balance

Tungsten White Balance – Straight out of Camera

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/CarynEsplin-p286-tungsten-masked.jpg” admin_label=”Buffalo River Bridge – Tungsten Masked” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ animation_direction=”off” animation=”off”][/et_pb_image][et_pb_text admin_label=”Shade White Balance – Subtitle” _builder_version=”3.0.71″]

Tungsten White Balance with Bridge Masked in Auto White Balance

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 286″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”page287″ _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”51.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Principle 2: Focus Choose your focal point and depth of field.” module_id=”principle2″ module_class=”principle” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

Principle 2: Focus

Choose your focal point and depth

[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”Now that you understand the basics for capturing light to create good exposures, the next principle to consider is focus. Focus is more than just making sure everything is sharp. By choosing a focal point and using depth of field to draw attention to the subject, you can guide your viewers through the image, just as you would through a design layout. The key to understanding focus is understanding aperture, which we learned about with the first principle, Light. As you adjust your aperture settings, you control your focus and depth of field, either having everything in your image sharp or having a blurred background.” _builder_version=”3.0.71″]

Now that you understand the basics for capturing light to create good exposures, the next principle to consider is focus. Focus is more than just making sure everything is sharp. By choosing a focal point and using depth of field to draw attention to the subject, you can guide your viewers through the image, just as you would through a design layout.

The key to understanding focus is understanding aperture, which we learned about with the first principle, Light. When you adjust your aperture settings, you control your focus and depth of field. You can opt to have everything in your image sharp or create a blurred, bokeh background with a wider aperture, such as f 2.8.

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”page288″ _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”53.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”FOCUS WITH LANDSCAPES In most cases, you want your main subject, or focal point, to be the sharpest part of the image. Typically a landscape photographer wants to capture a deep depth of field where everything is fairly sharp. However there are times when you may want the background or foreground to be out of focus. Two two examples shown here typify the different effects produced with “shallow” and “deep” depth of fields. To review how to achieve these different effects, refer to the Aperture pages under Principle 1: Light, earlier in this chapter.” _builder_version=”3.0.71″]

FOCUS WITH LANDSCAPES

In most cases, you want your main subject, or focal point, to be the sharpest part of the image. Typically a landscape photographer wants to capture a deep depth of field where everything is fairly sharp. However there are times when you may want the background or foreground to be out of focus.

The two examples shown here typify the different effects produced with “shallow” and “deep” depth of fields. To review how to achieve these different effects, refer to the Aperture pages under Principle 1: Light, earlier in this chapter.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/CarynEsplin-p288-shallowDOF.jpg” admin_label=”Shallow Depth of Field” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ animation=”off”][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/CarynEsplin-p288-deepDOF.jpg” admin_label=”Deep Depth of Field” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ animation_direction=”off” animation=”off”][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 288″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”page289″ _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”55.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”FOCUS WITH PORTRAITS With portrait photography you typically want the model’s eyes to be the sharpest point. But remember these are only standard guidelines. There is nothing wrong with a photographer breaking the traditional rules of photography for their own creative effects. For example, some may consider this image to be a portrait, yet the boy is shown in “bokeh” (blur). This portrait tells a story about how the boy was having fun playing with bubbles. Even though he is not sharp, notice that there is a sharp focus on the bubbles. If everything was blurry, the effect would not be as interesting. Generally speaking, something in your image should be sharp, but it does not have to alway be your main subject. Learning to control your focus point is an important principle indeed.” _builder_version=”3.0.71″]

FOCUS WITH PORTRAITS

With portrait photography you typically want the model’s eyes to be the sharpest point. But remember these are only standard guidelines. There is nothing wrong with a photographer breaking the traditional rules of photography for their own creative effects. For example, some may consider the first image of my grandson to be a portrait, yet I intentionally showed him in “bokeh” (blur).

This portrait tells a story about how he was having fun playing with bubbles. Even though he is not sharp, notice that there is a sharp focus on the bubbles. If everything was blurry, the effect would not be as interesting. So it is the contrast between the sharp and soft areas that produce more visual interest. Generally speaking, there should be some part of your image that is nice and sharp, but it does not have to always be your main subject. Learning to control your focus point is an extremely important principle.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/CarynEsplin-MaxBubbles.jpg” admin_label=”Max Bubbles” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ animation_direction=”left”][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/CarynEsplin-CormorantSpeaks960x720.jpg” admin_label=”Comorante Fisherman Looking” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 289″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”section” module_id=”page277″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.72″][et_pb_column type=”3_5″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/ApertureShutterSpeed@2x.png” show_in_lightbox=”on” admin_label=”FSTop Chart” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ animation=”off” _i=”0″ _address=”57.0.0.0″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”2_5″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”DEPTH OF FIELD Depth of field is a key element in understanding how aperture works together to create focus. When you adjust aperture, you are changing how wide the opening of your lens is. The size of the opening not only controls the amount of light let into the sensor, but also controls the depth of field, or how much is in focus. There are three different types of depth of field: shallow, medium or deep depth of field. Do you remember the depth of field chart from the Aperture section of this chapter?” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” max_width=”75%” max_width_last_edited=”on|desktop” custom_padding=”41px|||”]

DEPTH OF FIELD

Depth of field is a key element in understanding how aperture works together to create focus. When you adjust aperture, you are changing how wide the opening of your lens is. The size of the opening not only controls the amount of light let into the sensor, but also controls the depth of field, or how much is in focus.

There are three different types of depth of field: shallow, medium or deep depth of field. Do you remember the depth of field chart from the Aperture section of this chapter? Here it is again.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 290″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”page291″ _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”59.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”SHALLOW DEPTH OF FIELD A shallow depth of field means that only a small part is in focus. The distance between what is in focus and what is not in focus is short, or shallow. Many of the images in the visual FOCUS book have a shallow depth of field. Shallow depth of field is created by using wider apertures (smaller f-stop numbers like f/2.8). You can only achieve a shallow depth of field with a lens that has wide aperture capability. Prime lenses, such as a 50mm 1.8 lens, or 85mm 1.8 lens, can produce nice bokeh, or background blur, which is what makes the shallow depth of field so appealing.” _builder_version=”3.0.71″]

SHALLOW DEPTH OF FIELD

A shallow depth of field means that only a small part is in focus. When we call something a “shallow depth” we are referring to the distance that is in focus. In this case it is a shallow area in focus. Many of the images in the visual FOCUS book have a shallow depth of field which helps to set the focal point apart from the background and draw attention to it.

Shallow depth of field is created by using wider apertures (smaller f-stop numbers like f/2.8). You can only achieve a shallow depth of field with a lens that has wide aperture capability. Prime lenses, such as a 50mm 1.8 lens, or 85mm 1.8 lens, can produce nice bokeh, or background blur, which is what makes the shallow depth of field so appealing.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Caryn-Esplin_Icicle-Shallow.jpg” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 291″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”page292″ _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”61.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”DEEP DEPTH OF FIELD A deep depth of field means that a large part of the photograph is in focus. The distance between what is in focus is long, or deep. Images with deep depth of fields can have everything in focus, with nothing blur. Deep depth of field is created by using narrow apertures (larger f-stop numbers like f/16).” _builder_version=”3.0.71″]

DEEP DEPTH OF FIELD

A deep depth of field means that a large part of the photograph is in focus. We call it a deep depth when there is a deep, or large, area in focus. Images with deep depth of fields can have everything in focus, with nothing blurred.

Deep depth of field is created by using narrow apertures (larger f-stop numbers like f/16). This deep depth is most often used for landscape, but can be used anytime the photographer wants everything to be sharp.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Caryn-Esplin_River_DeepDepth.jpg” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 292″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”page293″ _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”63.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”ATMOSPHERIC PERSPECTIVE Even when the background is sharp you can have AP, haze, fog, rain, snow that prevents deep depth.” _builder_version=”3.0.71″]

ATMOSPHERIC PERSPECTIVE

Have you ever noticed how distant mountains are lighter and grayer than closer objects? This is called atmospheric perspective. It refers to the phenomenon of how light and color fade as they recede into the distance.

Notice how the mountains that are further away are the lightest in value. When conditions are right for atmospheric perspective, objects fade into the distance. Mountains appear to be lighter as the get further away.

The relative distance of various objects in a scene will manifest themselves in terms of a gradation of fading light and color.

Even when you use a deep depth of field, such as F/16, the background can get blurry from fog, haze, rain, snow, clouds or atmospheric perspective. These conditions can be quite appealing, especially when backlit.

Notice these examples. When capturing landscapes, look for times when you can include mist or fog, particularly if there is also some back or side light coming through.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/CarynEsplin-p293-californiafog.jpg” admin_label=”Atmospheric Perspective – California Fog” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ animation_direction=”off” animation=”off”][/et_pb_image][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Caryn-Esplin-Visual-Focus_p293-redwoodforestpath.jpg” admin_label=”Redwood Forest Path” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ animation_direction=”off” animation=”off”][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 293″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”page294″ _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”65.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”RULE OF THIRDS WITH DEPTH Foreground, Middle ground, background – deciding which will be sharp, soft, blurred” _builder_version=”3.0.75″]

RULE OF THIRDS WITH DEPTH

You may have heard about using the “rule of thirds” to help compose a photographic scene. This normally refers to the scene being divided into a horizontal and vertical grid with imaginary intersecting lines.

It is visually appealing to place objects, subjects and main focal points on the lines of the one-third grid pattern. (See more about this in the Principle 3. Composition section, coming up next.)

In addition to the one-third grid, you should also try to include imaginary grid lines in the depth of your image area. Try to place something in the foreground, middle-ground, and background, by dividing the image in thirds as they recede in depth.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/CarynEsplin-SchwabacherLanding.jpg” admin_label=”Rule of Thirds with Depth” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ animation_direction=”off” animation=”off”][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/CarynEsplin-WhiteBeard3-1.jpg” admin_label=”Rule of Thirds with Depth” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ animation_direction=”off” animation=”off”][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.71″][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/CarynEsplin-p294-tetonpano.jpg” admin_label=”teton pano” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ animation_direction=”off” animation=”off”][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 294″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”page295″ _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”67.0″][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”SO THE ORDER OF THESE PRINCIPLES IS NOT HAPHAZARD. THINK OF THESE PRINCIPLES IN THIS ORDER WHEN SETTING UP YOUR SHOTS: Light: Get your exposure settings correct Focus: Choose your focal point and depth of field” _builder_version=”3.0.72″]

SO THE ORDER OF THESE PRINCIPLES IS NOT HAPHAZARD. THINK OF THESE PRINCIPLES IN THIS ORDER WHEN SETTING UP YOUR SHOTS:

Light: Get your exposure settings correct
Focus: Choose your focal point and depth of field

NEXT WE WILL CONSIDER THE COMPOSITION, THEN CREATIVITY:

Composition: Position your camera to compose the scene
Creativity: Create unique effects in camera and in post

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 295″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”page296″ _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”69.0″][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Principle 3: Composition Position your camera to compose the scene” module_id=”principle1″ module_class=”principle” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

Principle 3: Composition

Position your camera to compose the scene

L-F-C: LIGHT – FOCUS – COMPOSITION

Once you have nailed down the light and focus, it’s time to compose your scene/portrait. Think of these first three principles as your “1-2-3 punch.” Try to develop a pattern and set up your shot in this order: 1. Light – 2. Focus – 3. Composition. Most beginners need to shoot hundreds of exposures to capture a truly fascinating image that has all three of these principles, but some can do it with less practice.

Either way, following this L-F-C pattern will help you achieve a much higher success rate with your photography. Just keep in mind, we will be adding one more principle before our set if complete –creativity. Then we will have all four principles: L-F-C-C. But for now, let’s review the important elements of composition.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”2″ _address=”69.2″][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Caryn-Esplin-Visual-Focus_p296-tetoncomposition.jpg” admin_label=”teton sunrise” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ animation_direction=”off” animation=”off”][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/CarynEsplin-WhiteBeardHands2.jpg” admin_label=”chinese” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ animation_direction=”off” animation=”off”][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 296″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”VISUAL INTEREST If your images have good exposure and sharp focus, but lack in proper composition, they won’t hold your viewer’s interest. Learning to manage a nice flow pattern helps your image to tell a visual story. The Composition principle could be an entire chapter on its own (and will be in my next photography book). But let me give you the executive summary that will give you the basics you need to create awesome compositions. Practice adding these elements when you are ready to to your images and composition skills will soon:” _builder_version=”3.0.72″]

VISUAL INTEREST

If your images have good exposure and sharp focus, but lack in proper composition, they won’t hold your viewer’s interest. Learning to manage a nice flow pattern helps your image to tell a visual story. The composition principle could be an entire chapter on its own (and will be in my next photography book).

For our purposes, let’s review the most important information you need to create awesome compositions. Practice adding these elements when you are ready to to your images and composition skills will soon improve.

[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=” <blockquote><strong>ELEMENTS OF COMPOSITION:</strong></blockquote> <ol> <li><strong>Balance</strong></li> <li><strong>Lines</strong></li> <li><strong>Angle</strong></li> <li><strong>Framing</strong></li> <li><strong>Separation</strong></li> </ol> ” _builder_version=”3.0.72″]

ELEMENTS OF COMPOSITION:

Balance
Lines
Angle
Framing
Separation

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Caryn-Esplin-Visual-Focus_p297-visualinterest.jpg” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 297″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”page298″ _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”73.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”BALANCE This is where it all starts! Squint your eyes and look at your scenes as shapes and values. This will help you consider how to balance the various shapes. ” module_class=”principle” _builder_version=”3.0.71″]

BALANCE

The element of balance is where it all starts! Squint your eyes and look at your scene as shapes and values. This will help you consider how to balance the various shapes.

[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”Let’s consider Balance in five different areas: Rule of Thirds Triangles Symmetry Patterns Rule of Odds” _builder_version=”3.0.72″]

Let’s consider Balance in five different areas:

Rule of Thirds
Triangles
Symmetry
Patterns
Rule of Odds

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/CarynEsplin-FallAbstract.jpg” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 298″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”section” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ custom_padding=”0|0|525px|0″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”75.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”RULE OF THIRDS Divide up your image into an imaginary one-third grid. Place the dominant subjects on those one-third lines that extend horizontally and vertically. Notice the image below of the canoe. The canoe being on the lower grid line helps your eye to continue moving throughout the rest of the frame. Position yourself to place an interesting subject in the foreground when shooting a landscape, then use f/22 and ISO 100 with a tripod for tack sharp details and a deep depth of field. When you have your subject on one of the outside grid lines, it allows more of an interaction with the viewer and the image. It naturally allows your eyes to follow throughout the image rather than stay in the center.” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

RULE OF THIRDS

Divide up your image into an imaginary one-third grid. Place the dominant subjects on those one-third lines that extend horizontally and vertically.

Notice the image below of the canoe. Since the canoe is on the lower grid line, it helps your eye to continue moving throughout the rest of the frame. Position yourself to place an interesting subject in the foreground when shooting a landscape, then use f/22 and ISO 100 with a tripod for tack sharp details and a deep depth of field.

When you have your subject on one of the outside grid lines, it allows more of an interaction with the viewer and the image. It naturally allows your eyes to follow throughout the image rather than stay in the center.

When you see a great sunset coming on, look around for a subject to place in the foreground, such as this driftwood. Then remember the rule of thirds when you compose the shot. Avoid placing the horizon in the center!

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/CarynEsplin-Visual-Focus_p299-buffalorivercanoe.jpg” admin_label=”Buffalo River Canoe” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ animation_direction=”off” animation=”off”][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 299″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”page299″ _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_row custom_padding=”27px|0px|27px|0px” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”TRIANGLES Look for repeating shapes like triangles and compose with those shapes in mind. If you have a dominant subject on the left one-third line, then try to include a smaller, secondary subject to create a diagonal balance.” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

TRIANGLES

Look for repeating shapes like triangles and compose with those shapes in mind. If you have a dominant subject on the left one-third line, then try to include a smaller, secondary subject to create a diagonal balance.

[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”PATTERNS Man-made patterns and patterns in nature can be equally beautiful. Often a centered subject on a repeating pattern can create a dramatic and simple elegance.” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

PATTERNS

Man-made patterns and patterns in nature can be equally beautiful. Often a centered subject on a repeating pattern can create a dramatic and simple elegance.

[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”SYMMETRY With the “rule of thirds” you avoid placing subjects in the center, but it is sometimes preferable to center your subject perfectly. I especially like to do this when the subject is on the smaller side and there is a lot of extra space around the focal point.” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

SYMMETRY

With the “rule of thirds” you avoid placing subjects in the center, but it is sometimes preferable to center your subject perfectly. I especially like to do this when the subject is on the smaller side and there is a lot of extra space around the focal point.

[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”RULE OF ODDS It is often preferable to use an odd number of subjects or items for visual appeal. Notice the examples and how they include three of five objects.” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

RULE OF ODDS

It is often preferable to use an odd number of subjects or items for visual appeal. Notice the examples and how they include three of five objects.

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LINES

An important part of composition is using lines to create interesting flow to guide your viewer through the image.

[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”Let’s breakdown Lines in three ways: Leading Lines Focal Point Hierachy” _builder_version=”3.0.72″]

Let’s breakdown Lines in three ways:

Leading Lines
Focal Point
Hierachy

[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”LEADING LINES Images with strong leading lines guide the viewer to the focal point. These lines can create a nice hierarchy that lead the audience through the image in a certain pattern. Use leading lines, such as this fence, for a natural flow that leads to a focal point, which in this case is the sunset. Try to place prominent lines near the one third grid for an interesting composition. Look for long, interesting shadows when the sun is low and use them as leading lines to point to your subject. You will find man-made lines and lines in nature. Use these lines to help tell your visual story. Position your camera and compose your scene so your lines lead to your focal point and follow a natural flow. Also, look for long, interesting shadows when the sun is low and use them as leading lines to point to your subject.” _builder_version=”3.0.72″]

LEADING LINES

Images with strong leading lines guide the viewer to the focal point. These lines can create a nice hierarchy that lead the audience through the image in a certain pattern. Use leading lines, such as this fence, for a natural flow that leads to a focal point, which in this case is the sunset. Try to place prominent lines near the one third grid for an interesting composition.

Look for long, interesting shadows when the sun is low and use them as leading lines to point to your subject. You will find man-made lines and lines in nature. Use these lines to help tell your visual story. Position your camera and compose your scene so your lines lead to your focal point and follow a natural flow.

Also, look for long, interesting shadows when the sun is low and use them as leading lines to point to your subject.

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”Page 301″ module_id=”page301″ _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.71″][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”FOCAL POINT Choose a focal point and position it carefully. Then place that subject carefully for good flow. Images with a focal point are captivating and tend to tell a story. If your main subject is in profile (turned to the side) then frame the scene so the subject has lead room to “move into” the open part of the frame. Including a focal points is one way to make your photography stand out is by creating a focal points. Remember, you can control depth of field with your aperture settings.” _builder_version=”3.0.72″]

FOCAL POINT

Choose a focal point and position it carefully. Then place that subject carefully for good flow. Images with a focal point are captivating and tend to tell a story. If your main subject is in profile (turned to the side) then frame the scene so the subject has lead room to “move into” the open part of the frame.

Including a focal point is one way your photography can capture the attention of your audience and help tell as story. With the lake image, I included these two friends talking on the bench, which becomes my focal point.

The lines then take you in a circular flow to the temple in the background and around to the friends again. In this case, the temple is a secondary focal point. Normally you should focus on your main focal point, to be sure it is your sharpest points. You can control depth of field with your aperture settings.

[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”MAYBE THIS WILL HELP YOU REMEMBER IT BETTER: Using a large number. like f/16, will keep a large amount in focus. Using a small number, such as 2.8, will keep a small amount in focus.” _builder_version=”3.0.71″]

MAYBE THIS WILL HELP YOU REMEMBER IT BETTER:

Using a large number. like f/16, will keep a large amount in focus.
Using a small number, such as 2.8, will keep a small amount in focus.

[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”You can blur the background so that your focal point is the only thing that is in focus. This allows the viewer to know exactly where to look.” _builder_version=”3.0.71″]

You can blur the background so that your focal point is the only thing that is in focus. This allows the viewer to know exactly where to look.

[/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/CarynEsplin-LakeChat.jpg” force_fullwidth=”on” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/CarynEsplin-FishLightPainting.jpg” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 302″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”Page 300″ module_id=”page302″ _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”83.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”HIERARCHY” _builder_version=”3.0.72″]

HIERARCHY

There are often secondary subjects that serve as supporting actors in a well composed image. Hierarchy helps set up a flow pattern for viewing the image. Of course things usually start with the focal point and leading lines help direct the flow toward the secondary subjects.

In this image, you may consider the lighthouse to be the focal point, even though it is blurred in the background. But if the image was in a book about wild grasses, the grass would be the focal point, and the lighthouse a supporting actor, or secondary focal point.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Caryn-Esplin_LighthouseGrass.jpg” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 303″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”Page 300″ _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”85.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”ANGLE Changing your angle can be one of the most dramatic ways to push your creative photography compositions. Try laying on the ground to shoot under the leaves of a bush, that is backlit by the sun. Getting a low angle is often more pleasing in so many ways. Try getting closer to your subject and don’t be a afraid to take a few close, creative angles where the subject is partially cut off. ” module_class=”principle” _builder_version=”3.0.72″]

ANGLE

Changing your angle can be one of the most dramatic ways to push your creative photography compositions. Try laying on the ground to shoot under the leaves of a bush, that is backlit by the sun.

Getting a low angle is often more pleasing in so many ways. Try getting closer to your subject and don’t be a afraid to take a few close, creative angles where the subject is partially cut off.

[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”Look at Angle in three ways: Point of View Get Lower Wide and Slow” _builder_version=”3.0.72″]

Look at Angle in three ways:

Point of View
Get Lower
Wide and Slow

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/CarynEsplin-PlayingMahJong.jpg” admin_label=”Angle – Far Away Majhong” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/CarynEsplin-Mahjong-upclose.jpg” admin_label=”Mahjong close up” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 304″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”page305″ _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”87.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”POINT OF VIEW Think of new ways to shoot the same old things. Changing your point of view can transform an average snapshot into a work of art! Walk all around your subject. Get close, move away and shoot from behind. Shoot straight into the light and create a silhouette effect. Desaturating your colors in post production can change the point of view and bring a more somber mood to your image. You can make strong statements or mild suggestions with your photographs. Think about your point of view, then flip it and try the opposite mood as well.” _builder_version=”3.0.72″]

POINT OF VIEW

Think of new ways to shoot the same old things. Changing your point of view can transform an average snapshot into a work of art! Walk all around your subject. Get close, move away and shoot from behind. Shoot straight into the light and create a silhouette effect.

Desaturating your colors in post production can change the point of view and bring a more somber mood to your image. You can make strong statements or mild suggestions with your photographs. Think about your point of view, then flip it and try the opposite mood as well.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/CarynEsplin-p305-pointofview.jpg” admin_label=”Ecuador Green Light Overlook” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 305″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”page306″ _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”89.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”GET LOWER A landscape or portrait can look entirely different from an extremely low angle. This is a creative perspective, so be sure and try getting on the ground. I love taking my class on photoshoots because there is usually at least one student in every class who strives for a unique angle, and is not afraid to get down and dirty to get a different shot. This is one reason it is beneficial to shoot in a group. You can learn so much from watching other people set up their shots.” _builder_version=”3.0.72″]

GET LOWER

A landscape or portrait can look entirely different from an extremely low angle. This is a creative perspective, so be sure and try getting on the ground. I love taking my class on photoshoots because there is usually at least one student in every class who strives for a unique angle, and is not afraid to get down and dirty to get a different shot.

This is one reason it is beneficial to shoot in a group. You can learn so much from watching other people set up their shots. Notice how this student photographer lays on his back to get the flowers in silhouette against the sky.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/CarynEsplin-MannyLower.jpg” admin_label=”Manny Getting Lower” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 306″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”page307″ _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.71″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=” <h2>WIDE & SLOW</h2> When you see a great sunset coming on, look for a way to try a wide angle shot with a slow shutter for blurred cloud or water motion. Look around for a subject to place in the foreground, such as this driftwood. Then remember the rule of thirds when you compose the shot. Avoid placing the horizon in the center! I used a tripod, ND filter and a very slow shutter speed (2 min) to smooth out the wave action. If you use a wide angle lens, such as a 11-16mm, try getting closer to your subject for a unique and slightly distorted perspective.” _builder_version=”3.0.72″]

WIDE & SLOW

When you see a great sunset coming on, look for a way to try a wide angle shot with a slow shutter for blurred cloud or water motion. Look around for a subject to place in the foreground, such as this driftwood. Then remember the rule of thirds when you compose the shot.

Avoid placing the horizon in the center! I used a tripod, ND filter and a very slow shutter speed (2 min) to smooth out the wave action. If you use a wide angle lens, such as a 11-16mm, try getting closer to your subject for a unique and slightly distorted perspective.

[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”You can add a Neutral Density filter on your lens which allows you to use a longer shutter speed such as one or two minutes. That is how you get the motion blur effect on the clouds, as shown in this example.” module_class=”review all-p-brown” _builder_version=”3.0.75″]

You can add a Neutral Density filter on your lens which allows you to use a longer shutter speed such as one or two minutes. That is how you get the motion blur effect on the clouds and water, as shown in this example I captured on Magdalena Bay in Mexico.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Caryn-Esplin-Magdalena-Bay-1.jpg” admin_label=”Magdalena Bay” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 307″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”Page 308″ _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”93.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”FRAMING We can create more intriguing images by using framing techniques. Notice how the leaves in the first image provide a frame for the scene behind. Try different positions by moving to get different configurations of leaves that will point or lead to the focal point and encourage a pleasing flow. Look for arches, bridges, windows and other structures that can serve as a nice frame for your scene.” module_class=”principle” _builder_version=”3.0.72″]

FRAMING

We can create more intriguing images by using framing techniques. Notice how the leaves in the first image provide a frame for the scene behind. Try different positions by moving to get different configurations of leaves that will point or lead to the focal point and encourage a pleasing flow. Look for arches, bridges, windows and other structures that can serve as a nice frame for your scene.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/CarynEsplin-Church.png” admin_label=”Mexico/Ecuador Church Framed by Leaves” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/CarynEsplin-p308-temple-framing.jpg” admin_label=”Temple Picture” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 308″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”page309″ _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.71″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”FOREGROUND To make a more interesting composition, place something in the foreground! By doing so, it will create more purpose in your composition. This is very useful when shooting landscape photography. Setting up a low shooting angle can give a unique perspective as well. So try using trees for a silhouette frame effect.” _builder_version=”3.0.72″]

FOREGROUND

To make a more interesting composition, place something in the foreground! By doing so, it will create more purpose in your composition. This is very useful when shooting landscape photography. Notice how I positioned my tripod so the old tricycle is in the foreground and facing into this frame with lead room in front of the tricycle. Then I used a large spotlight from the side (off-camera) angle to light certain parts of this night scene.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”BACKGROUND Many people think that the subject is the most important element of a photograph. While it may be, it is very important to not neglect the background. The background is just as important as your subject. You want to make sure that you look at the background and see if there is anything distracting. If there is then remove it. If your background is distracting then it will take away from your subject. Think of how you can simplify your background.” _builder_version=”3.0.72″]

BACKGROUND

Many people think that the subject is the most important element of a photograph. While it may be, it is very important to not neglect the background. The background can often be what helps show off your subject and make it shine!

Notice how the smooth, blue-hour lighting in this image, with the residual sunset glow in the background makes the barn stand out as the main subject. You want to make sure that you look at the background and see if there is anything distracting. If there is, then remove it if you can. If your background is distracting then it will take away from your subject. Often I try to simplify your background, or reposition my composition.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”1″ _address=”95.1″][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/CarynEsplin-p309-rooflessbarn.jpg” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 309″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”page310″ _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”97.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”GET CLOSER It is always a great idea to take several different perspectives of your subject. When taking portraits, the close up shot can be a fascinating way to capture someone’s mood and personality. Many times we take nice wide shots, but forget to zoom in and get close. Often some of my favorite landscape images are the ones I zoom in on. Don’t make the mistake of thinking you can just crop in later to get a closer view of distant subjects. First, the details are sharper when you zoom in. Second, you will get a different effect by zooming in. This creates lens compression that actually brings the background closer and gives a unique look to the image. Notice these two landscape images taken early in the morning from a high mountain peak. I loved the atmospheric perspective I could see in the distance, so getting closer on that area produced my favorite image of the morning.” _builder_version=”3.0.72″]

GET CLOSER

It is always a great idea to capture several different perspectives of your subject. When taking portraits, the close up shot can be a fascinating way to capture someone’s mood and personality. But don’t forget to try many other angles and perspectives as well.

Many times we take nice wide shots, but forget to zoom in and get close. Often some of my favorite landscape images are the ones I zoom in on. Don’t make the mistake of thinking you can just crop in later to get a closer view of distant subjects. First, the details are sharper when you zoom in. Second, you will get a different effect by zooming in. This creates lens compression that actually brings the background closer and create a unique look to the image.

Notice these two landscape images I captured at sunrise one morning from a high mountain peak of the Li River valley, near Guilin, China. I loved the atmospheric perspective I could see in the distance, so getting closer on that area produced my favorite image of the morning, shown on the right.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”One way to dramatically improve your photos is to GET CLOSER. -Caryn Esplin” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ locked=”off”]

One way to dramatically improve your photos is to GET CLOSER.

-Caryn Esplin

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”1″ _address=”97.1″][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Caryn-Esplin-Visual-Focus_p310-getcloser_overlook.jpg” admin_label=”OVERLOOK” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Caryn-Esplin-Visual-Focus_p310-getcloser_zoomed.jpg” admin_label=”ZOOMED IN” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 310″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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SEPARATION

We can enhance the main subject in our images by separating it from the background. This can be accomplished through a variety of methods, such as photographing the subject against a plain wall or dark sky. We can also use auxiliary light on the subject, then underexpose the background so the details are not as visible.

You may be asking yourself what does “underexpose” mean in this context. To underexpose you simply can change your ISO, aperture, or shutter speed settings to darken the image, then light the area you want with a flash, the sun, reflector, or other light source.

In this example, I used a flash and my camera settings to create a black background that made the distracting background elements invisible. This was a nice way to show off my subject. I love to find unique ways to employ the principles of separation and draw attention to the focal point(s)in my images.

[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”Consider the element of separation in the following areas: Simplicity Negative Space Contrast Complementary Colors” _builder_version=”3.0.72″]

Consider the element of separation in the following areas:

Simplicity
Negative Space
Contrast
Complementary Colors

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/CarynEsplin-Separation.jpg” admin_label=”China Woman Cooking Separation” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 311″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”page312″ _builder_version=”3.0.72″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”101.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=” <h2>SIMPLICITY</h2> Some images are just too busy, so try to find ways to simplify things. One way to accomplish this is by adding shadows. You can do this by bracketing, which means to take three different images, each with a different exposure: dark, normal, light. Then you can blend the images in Photoshop by using a mask to hide and reveal different portions. That way you can bring more shadows in from the darkest image, as desired. You can also edit just one image by using the Dodge and Burn tools in post production.” _builder_version=”3.0.72″]

SIMPLICITY

Some images are just too busy, so try to find ways to simplify things. One way to accomplish this is by adding shadows. You can do this by bracketing, which means to take three different images, each with a different exposure: dark, normal, light. Then you can blend the images in Photoshop by using a mask to hide and reveal different portions. That way you can bring more shadows in from the darkest image, as desired. You can also edit just one image by using the Dodge and Burn tools in post production.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=” <h2>NEGATIVE SPACE</h2> Incorporate negative space around your subject to achieve separation. Simply stated, negative space is the area around your subject. Positive space is the subject itself. For example, notice the negative space around this statue, Virgin de Panecillo in Quito, Ecuador. Using negative space can have a powerful impact on an image.” _builder_version=”3.0.72″]

NEGATIVE SPACE

Incorporate negative space around your subject to achieve separation. Simply stated, negative space is the area around your subject. Positive space is the subject itself. For example, notice the negative space around this statue, Virgin de Panecillo in Quito, Ecuador. Using negative space can have a powerful impact on an image.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”1″ _address=”101.1″][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Caryn-Esplin-Visual-Focus_p312-bluejarsalaska.jpg” admin_label=”BlueJars Alaska Simplicity” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Caryn-Esplin-Visual-FOCUS_p312-VirginStatue.jpg” admin_label=”Virgin State Negative Space” _builder_version=”3.0.72″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 312″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”page313″ _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_row custom_padding=”27px|0px|22px|0px” _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”103.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=” <h2>CONTRAST</h2> Contrast is key to creating powerful images. You can create contrast using different elements such as value, color, and brightness. By using contrast in value, it helps create a more dynamic photo. Think of a black and white image. It’s more interesting when there is a strong contrast in the shadows and highlights. Having contrast in color can be powerful as well. Think about the color wheel. A complementary color scheme is an example of good contrast in color since they are on the opposite ends of the color wheel. One of my favorite photographers, Dave Black, says, “If you want a photograph to really look interesting, you should only light part of it.” Playing with light and shadows in your image really helps to make it stand out and appeal to an audience.” _builder_version=”3.0.72″]

CONTRAST

Contrast is key to creating powerful images. You can create contrast using different elements such as value, color, and brightness. By using contrast in value, it helps create a more dynamic photo. Think of a black and white image. It’s more interesting when there is a strong contrast in the shadows and highlights.

Having contrast in color can be powerful as well. Think about the color wheel. A complementary color scheme is an example of good contrast in color since they are on the opposite ends of the color wheel. With the macro image below, the red and green colors of the kiwi and strawberry provide a natural complementary scheme.

One of my favorite photographers, Dave Black, says, “If you want a photograph to look interesting, only light part of it.” Playing with light and shadows in your image really helps to make it stand out and appeal to an audience.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”You can add a Neutral Density filter on your lens which allows you to use a longer shutter speed such as one or two minutes. That is how you get the motion blur effect on the clouds, as shown in this example.” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ locked=”off”]

Photography is now a beautiful continuum of truth and art. I respect an artist’s right to choose their place in this spectrum and discover their own style.

-Caryn Esplin

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”1″ _address=”103.1″][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/CarynEsplin-MacroEyeDrop.jpg” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/CarynEsplin-TrainTracksHDR.jpg” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 313″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”page314″ _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”105.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”COMPLEMENTARY COLORS Whenever you can find and capture a complementary color scheme like the orange and blue in this image, it provides a pleasing combination. We are naturally drawn to warm colors, but including cooler hues make an image even more visually appealing.” _builder_version=”3.0.72″]

COMPLEMENTARY COLORS

Whenever you can find and capture a complementary color scheme like the orange and blue in this image, it provides a pleasing combination. We are naturally drawn to warm colors, but including cooler hues make an image even more visually appealing.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Include warm and cool colors in the same composition. Here the orange and blue complement each other well. Nature also offers many natural complementary color schemes; look for them!” _builder_version=”3.0.75″]

Include warm and cool colors in the same composition. Notice how the orange and blue complement each other well in this light painting I captured at Arches National Park with the red rock arch and the stars . Nature offers many natural complementary color schemes. Look for them!

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”1″ _address=”105.1″][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Caryn-Esplin-Visual-Focus_p314-complementarycolorsarch.jpg” admin_label=”Arches Image” _builder_version=”3.0.72″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 314″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”page315″ _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”107.0″][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=” <h1>Principle 4: Creativity</h1> <h3>Plan creative ways to create artistic effects</h3> ” module_id=”principle1″ module_class=”principle” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

Principle 4: Creativity

Plan creative ways to create artistic effects

L-F-C-C: LIGHT – FOCUS – COMPOSITION – CREATIVITY

When you are ready to try something more non-traditional, get creative! You can do so many things to plan ways to add creativity while shooting and in post production. First let’s review some ways to shoot more creatively and then we will address some things you can plan in advance so you have the right images to work with in post production for creative approaches.

[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=” <blockquote><strong>Consider these ways to get creative:</strong></blockquote> <ol> <li><strong>Shoot More creatively</strong></li> <li><strong>Shoot with post in mind</strong></li> <li><strong>Creative post production</strong></li> </ol> ” _builder_version=”3.0.75″]

CONSIDER THESE WAYS TO GET CREATIVE:

SHOOT CREATIVELY
A. Research and plan
B. Innovate!
C. Shoot with post in mind

CREATIVE TECHNIQUES
A. Light painting
B. Close up and macro
C. Conceptual
D. Montage
E. Cinemagraphs

IMAGE EDITING
A. Find your style
B. Value of versatility
C. Marketing

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SHOOT CREATIVELY

Think of ways to capture images that are different from what everyone else has done. When I suggest this to my students, a few always ask me how to go about it. Here is my best answer to that excellent question.

[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”Here is three ways to get creative when you shoot: Research and plan Light painting Close up and macro” _builder_version=”3.0.75″]

1. SHOOT CREATIVELY

Here are three ways to get creative when you shoot:

A. Research and plan
B. Innovate!
C. Shoot with post in mind

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/CarynEsplin-OrangeAbstractLeaves.jpg” admin_label=”Orange Abstract Fall Leaves” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 316″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”page317″ _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”111.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=” <h2>Research and Plan</h2> Type in a topic or location and see what images have been captured in the past. Look for the most creative approaches. Then find ways to create something else no one else had done before. It will help you so much to look at hundreds of images of a location, so don’t forget to do your research!” _builder_version=”3.0.75″]

RESEARCH AND PLAN

Type in a topic or location and see what images have been captured in the past. Look for the most creative approaches. Then find ways to create something else no one else has done before. It will help you so much to look at hundreds of images of a location, so don’t forget to do your research!

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/CarynEsplin_HelpfulTip-ResearchPlan.jpg” admin_label=”Helpful Tip: Take Screenshots on your phone while doing a google search” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 317″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”page311″ _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”113.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”INNOVATE Once you have taken time to research and see how other photographers have photographed the scene, try to find a completely new approach. It’s fine to capture the iconic view first, but then move to several different vantages points until you find a way to share your experience that no one has done before. Here are two examples when I was with a large groups of photographers at iconic locations, so I had to work hard to get something unique. In the first example, everyone was shooting the wildflowers close up, but they were using a wide angle lens so Mount St. Helens, Washington was far in the distance. I backed far away from the group with a 300mm lens then got a low angle to position my foreground flowers as a nice frame with the mountain much closer. When you use a long lens, the lens compression brings the background much closer. Try it sometime and you will see how much closer the distant subject becomes. I the second image, I did three things to innovate and get a unique shot of El Capitan, in Yosemite National Park. I found a stream and put my tripod in the water at a low angle, just above the water level. Then I used an Circular Polarizer warming filter to darken the scene enough to use a slow shutter and get smooth water. With this filter I could twist the glass so it removed unwanted reflections. Finally, I waited for about ten minutes after sunset when that thirty second aplenglow sometimes gives one final burst of orange color. Most photographers used high angles along the bank and left when the sun went down, so they missed the alpenglo. It take research and innovation together to understand the area and come up with something different. ” _builder_version=”3.0.75″]

INNOVATE

Once you have taken time to research and see how other photographers have captured the scene, try to find a completely new approach. It’s fine to shoot the iconic view first, but then move to several different vantages points until you find a way to show the scene in a way no one has done before. Here are two examples where I worked the area to get something unique.

In the first example, everyone was shooting the wildflowers close up, but they were using a wide angle lens so Mount Hood, Washington was far in the distance. I backed far away from the group with a 300mm lens then got a low angle to position my foreground flowers under the mountain which was now much closer. When you use a long lens, the lens compression brings the background forward. Try it sometime and you will see how much closer the distant subject becomes.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”3.0.75″]

In the second image, I did three things to innovate and get a unique shot of El Capitan, in Yosemite National Park. I found a stream and put my tripod in the water at a low angle, just above the water level. Then I used a Moose Wilson warming circular polarizer filter to darken the scene enough to use a slow shutter and get smooth water.

With this filter I twisted the glass so it removed unwanted reflections. Finally, I waited for about ten minutes after sunset when that final alpenglo burst of orange color shows up briefly. Most photographers used high angles along the bank and left when the sun went down, so they missed the alpenglo.

It takes research and innovation together to understand the area and come up with something different.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][et_pb_row make_equal=”on” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Caryn-Esplin_MtHood-Daisies2.jpg” force_fullwidth=”on” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Caryn-Esplin-ElCapitan.jpg” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ max_width=”98%”][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 318″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”page318″ _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”115.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”SHOOT WITH POST IN MIND If you shoot with a purpose, you will try for different angles and negative space. When creating images for a website or ad, you may plan certain clothing for your models so it will match the branding and text colors for an ad. In this example, I was shooting with the idea of creating some nice mother’s day cards. So I used a macro lens and created a large amount of boken and negative space for text and graphic elements.” module_class=”principle” _builder_version=”3.0.75″]

SHOOT WITH POST IN MIND

If you shoot with a purpose, you will try for different angles and negative space. When creating images for a website or ad, you may plan certain clothing for your models so it will match the branding and text colors for an ad.

In this example, I was shooting with the idea of creating some nice mother’s day cards. So I used a macro lens and used my camera settings to create a large amount of bokeh and negative space for text and graphic elements.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/CarynEsplin-GerberDaisy.jpg” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row custom_padding=”5px|0px|5px|0px” admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 319″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”117.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”CREATIVE TECHNIQUES Think of ways to capture images that are different from what everyone else has done. When I suggest this to my students, a few always ask me how to go about it. Here is my best answer to that excellent question:” module_class=”principle” _builder_version=”3.0.75″]

CREATIVE TECHNIQUES

You can try different techniques in camera and in post to produce more creative work. This will set you apart from all the other photographers out there. Creative techniques is the second one of three methods of adding creativity to your photography.

[/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”Here is three ways to get creative when you shoot: Research and plan Light painting Close up and macro” _builder_version=”3.0.75″]

2. CREATIVE TECHNIQUES

Get in touch with your creative side and try something new!

A. Light Painting
B. Close up and macro
C. Conceptual
D. Montage
E. Cinemagraphs

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/CarynEsplin-BannackLightPainting.jpg” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 320″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”119.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=” <h2>LIGHT PAINTING</h2> I absolutely love to capture images in the dark by using a flashlight as my paintbrush. The key with this type of photography is leaving plenty of shadows so it does not look like a set of headlights hitting the scene. Also, be sure you bring your light in from the side, which is called “off-camera lighting.” Notice how much more intriguing the first light painting image is since it leaves something to your imagination.” _builder_version=”3.0.72″]

LIGHT PAINTING

I absolutely love to capture images in the dark by using a flashlight as my paintbrush. The key with this type of photography is leaving plenty of shadows so it does not look like a set of headlights hitting the scene. Also, be sure you bring your light in from the side, which is called “off-camera lighting.”

Notice how the light painting techniques I used on these images make them intriguing, since the shadows leave something to your imagination.

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“Light is nothing without shadow to shape it.”

-Caryn Esplin

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Caryn-Esplin-Visual-FOCUS_p319-Lightpainting-whiteflowers.jpg” admin_label=”White Flowers” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][/et_pb_image][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Caryn-Esplin-Visual-FOCUS_p319-Lightpainting-bevsantiques.jpg” admin_label=”Antiques” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Caryn-Esplin-Visual-Focus_p319-lightpainting-cowboystill.jpg” admin_label=”Cowboy” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][/et_pb_image][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Caryn-Esplin-Visual-Focus_p319-lightpainting-colorflowers.jpg” admin_label=”Colorful Flowers” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 321″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ make_equal=”on” specialty=”on” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″][et_pb_text admin_label=” <h2>UP CLOSE AND MACRO</h2> Find a macro lens, or simply purchase a some macro tubes or close up filters and shoot the details. Get close up and personal to open up a whole new world most people never see. I love to give myself an assignment to find a spot near a river bank and sit perfectly still with my camera for a length of time. I draw an imaginary ten-foot circle and take on the challenge to look for dozens of tiny images that are about ¼ – ½ inch in diameter. There is a completely different world in miniature waiting to discover! Here are few of the images I have captured during these sessions.” _builder_version=”3.0.75″]

CLOSE UP AND MACRO

Find a macro lens, or simply purchase a some macro tubes or close up filters and shoot the details. Get close up and personal to open up a whole new world most people never see.

I love to give myself an assignment to find a spot near a river bank and sit perfectly still with my camera for a length of time. I draw an imaginary ten-foot circle and take on the challenge to look for dozens of tiny images that are about ¼ – ½ inch in diameter.

There is a completely different world in miniature waiting to discover! The first two images are examples of some I have captured during these self-assignments.

I captured the macro water drop image with a simple set up in my kitchen.

Click here to check out my tutorial for the fun technique used to capture water drops.

[/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/CarynEsplin-HelpfulTip_GearPage.jpg” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ specialty_columns=”2″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″][et_pb_row_inner custom_padding=”35px||40px|” admin_label=”Row” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_column_inner type=”1_2″ saved_specialty_column_type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/CarynEsplin-_Dragonfly_2179CR-Nik-SoftLands.jpg” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column_inner][et_pb_column_inner type=”1_2″ saved_specialty_column_type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/CarynEsplin-p319-yellowbee.jpg” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column_inner][/et_pb_row_inner][et_pb_row_inner custom_padding=”30px|||” admin_label=”Row” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_column_inner type=”4_4″ saved_specialty_column_type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/CarynEsplin-DropOrange.jpg” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column_inner][/et_pb_row_inner][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 322″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”section” module_id=”page151″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″][et_pb_row background_color=”#ffffff” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”CONCEPTUAL When you shoot or edit to illustrate an idea you are creating conceptual photography. This is a nice style of photography for commercial applications. Many companies need photographs to tell a story and get people thinking about their company approaches and products. Showing concepts in your photos that someone could use to share an idea with your audience.” module_class=”all-p-brown” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

CONCEPTUAL

When you shoot or edit to illustrate an idea you are creating conceptual photography. This is a nice style of photography for commercial applications. Many companies need photographs to tell a story and get people thinking about their company approaches and products. Showing concepts in your photos that someone could use to share an idea with your audience.

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Exercise

Are you ready for a fun exercise? Follow these steps to produce a creative scene that is more like a movie setup that is planned and directed.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” module_class=”review” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”CONCEPTUAL CHALLENGE” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

CONCEPTUAL CHALLENGE

List of Words: Choose Brainstorm a list of nouns, verbs and adjectives.
Select Five: Choose words that you feel would work well together, but be sure you select at least two from different categories.
Create a Plan: Draw sketches of your scene and make notes as you create a plan for your concept.
Execute: Set up your lights, props and subjects to shoot the scene. Take a variety of angles and options you can use in post production. Try to anticipate the different directions your concept could go. Then carry out your plan!

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 323″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”page319″ _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”126.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=” <h2>MONTAGE</h2> Blending images is an artistic way to create textures and layers that end up looking like a painting. Using Photoshop to paint and create abstract effects can be a blast for the more creative photographer. This is also where graphic designers can draw their own shapes with the digital pen or brush tools to add design elements, swirls and flourishes. Explore the creative genius inside and get in touch with your artistic side. Having montage and masking skills can be an effective way to monetize your hobby and create a career of photo illustrations. ” _builder_version=”3.0.72″]

MONTAGE

Blending images is an artistic way to create textures and layers that end up looking like a painting. Using Photoshop to paint and create abstract effects can be a blast for the more creative photographer. This is also where graphic designers can draw their own shapes with the digital pen or brush tools to add design elements, swirls and flourishes.

Explore your creative genius and get in touch with your artistic side. Having montage and masking skills can be an effective way to monetize your hobby and create a career of photo illustrations.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/p322-tyler-clay-media-composite.jpg” _builder_version=”3.0.72″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 324″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”page319″ _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”128.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=” <h2>CINEMAGRAPHS</h2> Cinemagraphs are an excellent way to add animation to a still image and come up a creative, fresh new, story-telling, animated gif. This time, try a short, five-second video clip instead of taking a still image. Have your model hold still except in one small part of the frame. Then you can mask (hide) the movement everywhere except that area with the most motion. This will appear to be a Harry Potter style photo that moves!” _builder_version=”3.0.75″]

CINEMAGRAPHS

Cinemagraphs are an excellent way to add animation to a still image and come up a creative, fresh new, story-telling, animated gif. This time, try a short, five-second video clip instead of taking a still image.

Have your model hold still except in one small part of the frame. Then you can mask (hide) the movement everywhere except that area with the most motion. This will appear to be a Harry Potter style photo that moves!

[/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/CarynEsplin-HelpfulTip_Cinemagraph@2x-100.jpg” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/31436834976_f15b98dfeb_o.gif” _builder_version=”3.0.72″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row custom_padding=”5px|0px|5px|0px” admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 325″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.75″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”page324″ _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”130.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=” <h1>IMAGE EDITING</h1> Photography encompasses more than just taking photos with a camera. With technology at our fingertips, we are provided with endless resources to edit our images. Many careers rely on editing skills to remove unwanted objects or merging images for advertising purposes to use on company websites. Some photographers use post-processing for simple edits such as increasing brightness or making color more vivid. Then there are others that think of post-processing as an art and can create incredible work from a variety of images.” module_class=”principle” _builder_version=”3.0.72″]

IMAGE EDITING

Photography encompasses more than just taking photos with a camera. With technology at our fingertips, we are provided with endless resources to edit our images. Many careers rely on editing skills to remove unwanted objects or merging images for advertising purposes to use on company websites.

Some photographers use post-processing for simple edits such as increasing brightness or making color more vivid. Then there are others that think of post-processing as an art and can create incredible work from a variety of images.

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3. IMAGE EDITING

Here are three different ways you can incorporate editing into your images:

A. Find your style
B. Value of versatility
C. Marketing

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In this example, I raised my shadows, cropped the image and then used the Dodge and Burn tools in Photoshop to bring out the details and add accents where I wanted to show more detail. I also used a free Photoshop brush to bring out the smoke of his pipe, since he had just let it go out. It takes time and practice to pull off creative edits such as these. But the result is often a rewarding expression of your art.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.72″][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/ChineseSmoke_Before.jpg” _builder_version=”3.0.72″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://visualfocus.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/ChineseSmoke_After.jpg” _builder_version=”3.0.72″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 326″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”page325″ _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”132.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=” <h2>FIND YOUR STYLE</h2> Whether you are a purist who only likes to take pictures and not make any edits or you are a hardcore photo manipulator or compositor that is up to you. You find your own style and what you like to do. It’s important to remember, though, that photo editing has become a part of the industry now and it’s just as important as learning photography skills. Whether or not you apply it to your own work, it’s good to develop the skills because you never know when you might need them.” _builder_version=”3.0.72″]

FIND YOUR STYLE

Discover your style and have fun with it! Many photographers enjoy the challenge of capturing images straight-out-of-camera (SOOC) and gain expertise my improving their success rate of getting perfect exposures SOOC. Others love to use image editing software to create art by blending and manipulating their images as a creative expression of what they see in their mind’s eye. Show respect for other styles.

I enjoy both ends of the photo / art continuum. No matter what style you choose, remember that image editing has become a part of the industry so it is s just as important as learning photography skills. Whether or not you apply it to your own work, it’s good to develop the skills because you never know when you might need them in a future career or personal project.

[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://customimages.carynesplin.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/CarynEsplin-MaxLacrosse_Unedited.jpg” admin_label=”Max LAX – SOOC” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_image src=”http://customimages.carynesplin.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/CarynEsplin-MaxLacrosse_Edited.jpg” admin_label=”Max LAX – Edited” _builder_version=”3.0.75″][/et_pb_image][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ background_color=”#eaeaea” admin_label=”section” module_class=”pagenumber-box” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ custom_padding=”0||0|” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ padding_mobile=”off”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”3.0.71″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Page 327″ module_class=”pagenumber” _builder_version=”3.0.72″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat”]

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”page326″ _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”134.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=” <h2>VALUE OF VERSATILITY</h2> There are a lot of excellent photographers in the world, but not as many skilled image editors. If you can use image editing software with skilled precision, you will find many photographers who need to hire you to polish their images. If you can shoot and edit equally well, you are a much more valuable photographer, employee and freelancer. You don’t always have the time to wait for months like Ansel Adams did to catch the perfect storm descending over the Tetons.” _builder_version=”3.0.72″]

VALUE OF VERSATILITY

There are a lot of excellent photographers in the world, but not as many skilled image editors. If you can use image editing software with skilled precision, you will find many photographers who need to hire you to polish their images. If you can shoot and edit equally well, you are a much more valuable photographer, employee and freelancer.

You don’t always have the time to wait for months like Ansel Adams did to catch the perfect storm descending over the Tetons. If your client or employer need you to add shadows or clouds to an image he has that must go on the company website in thirty minutes, you often need to create these effects in Photoshop, rather than go on an expensive, lengthy custom photoshoot.

Practice with all types of photography. You might find out you absolutely love macro, environmental portraiture or product photography!

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[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”page327″ _builder_version=”3.0.75″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.0.47″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” _i=”0″ _address=”136.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=” <h2>MARKETING</h2> When it comes to marketing, clients cannot afford for you to take too long waiting for the conditions. You need lighting, camera, and editing equipment that can compensate for the majority of the time when Mother Nature does not cooperate. Social media marketing is so dependent on visual imagery that is creative and conceptual. Visual storytelling is in more demand than traditional photography because it can promote someone’s ideas and products. In one quick instant, the right image can “show” consumers how to improve their lives, which can be a much more effective way to communicate than “telling” people how it can be done.” _builder_version=”3.0.72″]

MARKETING

When it comes to marketing, clients cannot afford for you to take too long waiting for the conditions. You need lighting, camera, and editing equipment that can compensate for the majority of the time when Mother Nature does not cooperate. Social media marketing is so dependent on visual imagery that is creative and conceptual.

Visual storytelling is in more demand than traditional photography because it can promote someone’s ideas and products. In one quick instant, the right image can “show” consumers how to improve their lives, which can be a much more effective way to communicate than “telling” people how it can be done.

Creating fascinating photography is a process that takes time. It is something you can never really master, because there are so many new ways to approach each new moment. So the trick is to enjoy the journey as you discover each new image waiting to be captured.

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vf chp 9

Chapter 9 • Fascinating Photography

Chapter 9

Fascinating Photography: L-F-C-C

LIGHT – The Most Important Element

FOCUS – Choose your focal point and depth of field.

COMPOSITION – Position your camera to compose the scene.

CREATIVITY – Plan creative ways to create artistic effects.

Fascinating Photography

VERSATILE SKILLS

Principle 1: Light

Light is photography. Without it, we have no imagery.

THE MOST IMPORTANT ELEMENT

APERTURE

Aperture refers to how wide the lens is open.

APERTURE IS MEASURED IN F STOPS BY FRACTIONS.

GARDEN HOSE ANALOGY

DEPTH OF FIELD

50mm PRIME LENSES

SHUTTER SPEED

Shutter Speed refers to how long the lens stays open.

FAST SHUTTER SPEED (1/500) = FROZEN MOTION

SLOW SHUTTER SPEED (1/60 or slower) = BLURRED MOTION

BLURRED MOTION IS DIFFERENT THAN BACKGROUND BLUR (BOKEH)

HOW APERTURE AND SHUTTER SPEED WORK TOGETHER

PRIORITY CAMERA MODES

MANUAL MODE

ISO

ISO determines how sensitive the sensor is to light

USE A TRIPOD TO KEEP A LOW ISO

ISO AND ASTROPHOTOGRAPHY

WHITE BALANCE

White Balance changes the color of light

USING PRESET WHITE BALANCE SETTINGS

GETTING CREATIVE WITH WHITE BALANCE

Principle 2: Focus

Choose your focal point and depth

FOCUS WITH LANDSCAPES

FOCUS WITH PORTRAITS

DEPTH OF FIELD

SHALLOW DEPTH OF FIELD

DEEP DEPTH OF FIELD

ATMOSPHERIC PERSPECTIVE

RULE OF THIRDS WITH DEPTH

SO THE ORDER OF THESE PRINCIPLES IS NOT HAPHAZARD. THINK OF THESE PRINCIPLES IN THIS ORDER WHEN SETTING UP YOUR SHOTS:

NEXT WE WILL CONSIDER THE COMPOSITION, THEN CREATIVITY:

Principle 3: Composition

Position your camera to compose the scene

L-F-C: LIGHT – FOCUS – COMPOSITION

VISUAL INTEREST

BALANCE

RULE OF THIRDS

TRIANGLES

PATTERNS

SYMMETRY

RULE OF ODDS

LINES

An important part of composition is using lines to create interesting flow to guide your viewer through the image.

LEADING LINES

FOCAL POINT

MAYBE THIS WILL HELP YOU REMEMBER IT BETTER:

HIERARCHY

ANGLE

POINT OF VIEW

GET LOWER

WIDE & SLOW

FRAMING

FOREGROUND

BACKGROUND

GET CLOSER

SEPARATION

SIMPLICITY

NEGATIVE SPACE

CONTRAST

COMPLEMENTARY COLORS

Principle 4: Creativity

Plan creative ways to create artistic effects

L-F-C-C: LIGHT – FOCUS – COMPOSITION – CREATIVITY

SHOOT CREATIVELY

RESEARCH AND PLAN